Written records

Dictionary

References

The Coming Of The English

þá²

adverb, conjunction

1. then; at that time; thereafter; 2. when (also ðá); þá þe (then) when [vid also þá¹]; þá … þá then, … when; when; þa ȝyt, þa ȝiet a) (even) more; still; b) besides (that); moreover, furhtermore

ȝesomnedon

ȝesamnian

verb

1. to gather, collect; to assemble; 2. to unite, join (also ȝesomnian)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ȝemot

ȝemót

noun

1. meeting, coming together; 2. assembly, meeting, council; deliberation, consultation; 3. ecclesiastical council, synod; 4. meeting place

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

þeahtedon

þeahtian

verb

to take counsel, consult; to consider, think, deliberate (upon)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

ræddon

rǽdan

verb

(str forms: p réord or réd; p.p. rǽden; wk forms: p rǽdde sing, rǽddon pl; p.p. rǽdod) 1. to advise, give advice, counsel; 2. to consult, deliberate; to discuss (a matter); 3. to read (also rédan)

, hwæt

hwæt

interrogative pronoun

what

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

donne

dónne

Dat case of dón

wære

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

, hwær

hwǽr

1. where; 2. somewhere, anywhere; wherever (also hwár, hwér)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

wære

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

fultum

noun

1. help, assistance; support; 2. helper, assistant; 3. auxiliary troops (also fultom, fultéam)

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

secanne

sécanne

Dat case of sécan

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

ȝewearnienne

Dat case of ȝewearnian

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

wiðscufanne

wiðscúfanne

Dat case of wiþscúfan

swa

swá

adverb, conjunction

1) so, in this / that way; 2) as; swá … swá as ... more; swá-swá so as; just as; so that (also swé, swǽ)

reðre

réþe

adjective

1. fierce, ferocious; 2. cruel, merciless (also réðe)

herȝunȝe

herȝunȝ

noun

1. plundering; devastation, ravaging; 2. invasion, incursion; raid

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

swa

swá

adverb, conjunction

1) so, in this / that way; 2) as; swá … swá as ... more; swá-swá so as; just as; so that (also swé, swǽ)

ȝelomlicre

ȝelómlíc

adjective

often, frequent; repeated

þara

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

norðþeoda

norþ-þéod

noun

northern people, the northerners (also norþðéod, norðþéod)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

ȝelicode

ȝelícian

verb

to please, delight; me ȝelícaþ it pleases me; I like it

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

eallum

eall

adjective, adverb

1. all, entire, whole; 2. everything; 3. entirely, wholly, fully (also eal, al, all)

mid

preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1) with; 2) by, with, by means of

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

cyninȝe

cyninȝ

noun

1. king; 2. Lord, God; Jesus Christ (also cinynȝ, cynenȝ, cyniȝ, cynȝ)

, Wyrtȝeorn

Wyrtȝeorn

proper name

Wyrtgeorn (a legendary king of Britons according to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Venerable Bede; Vortigern in British and Welsh sources)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

haten

hátan

verb

(p héht, hét, p.p. háten) 1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to be called / named; 3. to order, command; 4. to promise

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

Seaxna

Seaxe

plural noun

1. Saxons (old Germanic tribe, ancestral to the modern English); 2. continental Saxons (old Germanic tribe of the early Middle Ages, who lived in the North-West of what is now Germany) (also Seaxan)

þeode

þéod

noun

1. people, nation; tribe; 2. country; province, region; 3. language (also ðéod)

ofer

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1. above, over; on, upon; 2. across, over; 3. in a temporal sense: after, beyond

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

sælicum

sǽlíc

adjective

of or relating to the sea; marine, maritime; on sǽlícum strande on the sea-shore

dælum

dǽl

noun

1. part, portion; 2. gramm part of speech; word; verb (also dál)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

fultum

noun

1. help, assistance; support; 2. helper, assistant; 3. auxiliary troops (also fultom, fultéam)

ȝecyȝdon

ȝecíeȝan

verb

1. to call; 2. to invite, call upon; to summon; 3. to cause, provoke (also ȝecýȝan, -cíȝan, -céȝan)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

ȝelaðedon

ȝelaþian

verb

to invite, call, summon (also ȝelaðian)

. Þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

cuð

cúþ

adjective

1. clear, evident, manifest; known; 2. famous, renowned, celebrated; excellent; 3. familiar, intimate; domestic (also cúð)

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

mid

preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1) with; 2) by, with, by means of

Drihtnes

drihten

noun

1. ruler, lord; king; 2. the Lord, God (also dryhten)

mihte

meaht

noun

1. might, power; 2. authority (also maect, mæht, meht, miht, myht)

ȝestihtad

ȝestihtan

verb

to arrange, dispose; to determine (also ȝestihtian)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

yfell

yfel

adjective

1. evil, bad, ill; 2. wicked, vile; 3. grave, serious; grievous, hurtful, pernicious (also yfell)

wræc

noun

1. vengeance, revenge; retribution; 2. punishment; 3. exile, banishment; 4. misery, suffering; sorrow (also wræcc, wrec)

come

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

ofer

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1. above, over; on, upon; 2. across, over; 3. in a temporal sense: after, beyond

ða

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

wiþcorenan

wiþcoren

adjective

1. rejected, outcast, reprobate; 2. wicked, vicious; sinful

,
swa

swá

adverb, conjunction

1) so, in this / that way; 2) as; swá … swá as ... more; swá-swá so as; just as; so that (also swé, swǽ)

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ende

noun

1. end, conclusion; 2. part, portion; quarter

þara

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

wisena

wíse

noun

1. way, fashion, manner; wise; on þas wísan in this way; in this manner; on oðre wísan in another manner; otherwise, differently; 2. affair, matter; circumstance, event; 3. instruction, direction

sweotolice

sweotollíce

adverb

clearly, distinctly, evidently (also sweotolíce, swutollíce, swytollíce)

ætywed

ætéowan

verb

1. to show; to demonstrate; 2. to reveal, disclose; 3. to appear, become visible; 4. to show oneself (also ætéawan, ætíewan, ætýwan, ætéwan)

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

.
Ða¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

ymb

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1. in a spatial sense: around, about; near; 2. 1) about, concerning, regarding; ymb þinne sið about your journey / arrival; 2) because of, on account of; 3. in a temporal sense: 1) at, about, during; ymb niht at night; ymbe underntíde at three o'clock; 2) after; ðæs ymb lítel soon after [cf also 3)]; ymbe twelf monð after twelve months; ymb féower wintra four years after; 3) before; ðæs ymb lítel or ðæs ymb litel fæc shortly before that; a short while ago [cf also 2)]; ðæs ymb án ȝéar a year earlier; a year ago (also ymbe, umbe, embe)

feower

féower

numeral

four

hund

hund¹

numeral

hundred

wintra

winter

noun

1. winter; 2. year

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

niȝon

numeral

nine (also niȝan, niȝen, niȝun, nyȝon)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

feowertiȝ

féowertiȝ

numeral

forty (also féowurtiȝ)

fram

preposition, adverb

(Dat) from; forth; out (also from)

ures

úre

possessive pronoun

(Gen pl of pers pron ic) our; ours (also user)

Drihtnes

drihten

noun

1. ruler, lord; king; 2. the Lord, God (also dryhten)

menniscnysse

menniscness

noun

1. humanity, human nature; 2. incarnation (chief of Jesus Christ) (also menniscnyss)

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

Martianus

proper name

Marcian (the Eastern Roman Emperor in 450-457 AD)

casere

cásere

noun

Caesar, emperor; Gaius Iulius se Cásere Gaius Julius Caesar

rice

ríce

noun

1. power, authority; reign; 2. kingdom; state

onfenȝ

onfón

verb

1. to take, receive; 2. to obtain; 3. to begin

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

VII (seofon)

seofon

numeral

seven (also seofen, seofan, syfan)

ȝear

ȝéar

noun

1. year; 2. age (number of years one has lived); ȝéara Gen pl, gram mean of an adv formerly, in former times; of old; once (also ȝér, ȝǽr)

hæfde

habban

verb

(p hæfde; p.p. hæfed) to have; to possess, keep

. Se

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

syxta

siexta

numeral

sixth (also sexta, sixta, syxta)

eac

éac

adverb

also, likewise; moreover; besides

feowertiȝum

féowertiȝ

numeral

forty (also féowurtiȝ)

fram

preposition, adverb

(Dat) from; forth; out (also from)

Aȝusto

Auȝustus

proper name

Augustus (a Roman Emperor; also Aȝustus)

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

casere

cásere

noun

Caesar, emperor; Gaius Iulius se Cásere Gaius Julius Caesar

. Ða¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

Anȝel

Anȝle

plural noun

Angles (a Germanic tribe, ancestors of the English) (also Ænȝle, Enȝle, Onȝle)

þeod

þéod

noun

1. people, nation; tribe; 2. country; province, region; 3. language (also ðéod)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Seaxna

Seaxe

plural noun

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

ȝelaðod

ȝelaþian

verb

to invite, call, summon (also ȝelaðian)

fram

preposition, adverb

(Dat) from; forth; out (also from)

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

foresprecenan

foresprecen

adjective

above-mentioned, aforesaid, before-mentioned

cyninȝe

cyninȝ

noun

1. king; 2. Lord, God; Jesus Christ (also cinynȝ, cynenȝ, cyniȝ, cynȝ)

, and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

Breotone

Breoton

toponym

Britain (also Bryten, Briton, Briten)

com

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

þrim

þrí

numeral

(þréo fem, neut) three (also þrý, þríe, ðrý etc)

myclum

micel

adjective

(compar mára; superl mǽst, mást) 1. great, big; 2. much, many (also mycel)

scypum

scip

noun

ship, boat (also scyp)

;
and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

eastdæle

éastdǽl

noun

eastern part (of a country, etc); the east

þyses

þes

demonstrative pronoun

(þéos fem; þis neut; þás pl of all three genders) this (also ðes, þés, ðés)

ealondes

éaland

noun

island (also éalond)

eardunȝstowe

eardunȝstów

noun

1. dwelling place, lodging; 2. tent; tabernacle

onfenȝ

onfón

verb

1. to take, receive; 2. to obtain; 3. to begin

þurh

preposition

(Acc) 1. in a spatial sense: through; 2. in a temporal sense: through, during, for; 3. through, by; by means of (also ðurh, þuruh, þorh, þerh, þærh)

ðæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ylcan

ilca

adjective, pronoun

wk (ilce fem, neut) the same (also ylca)

cyninȝes

cyninȝ

noun

1. king; 2. Lord, God; Jesus Christ (also cinynȝ, cynenȝ, cyniȝ, cynȝ)

bebod

noun

1. command, order; demand; 2. commandment; þá bebodu the (ten) commandments

, þe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

1. who, which, what; 2. when, after that; 3. (there) where; 4. than; twǽm læs þe twéntiȝ wintra two less than twenty winters/years; 5. (in hwæþer ... þe) or; if; hwæþer hé wacode ðe slépte whether he was awake or asleep

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

hider

adverb

hither, to / towards this place

ȝelaðode

ȝelaþian

verb

to invite, call, summon (also ȝelaðian)

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

sceoldan

sculan

verb

(pres sceal, scal; p scolde, sceolde) 1) shall, ought; to be obliged; 2) to owe

for

preposition, conjunction

(Dat, Acc) 1. before, in front of; in the presence of; 2. during; 3. for, because (of), on account of; for þon, forþon vid forþǽm

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

eðle

éþel

noun

1. native land; 2. inherited household; landed property; 3. inheritance, inherited property; 4. chief poet dwelling, home (also éðel, ǽþel, ǽðel, óþel, óðel)

compian

campian

verb

to fight; to wage war; to contend against (also compian)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

feohtan

verb

to fight, combat (also fehtan)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

sona

sóna

adverb

soon, in a short time; immediately, at once

compedon

campian

verb

to fight; to wage war; to contend against (also compian)

wið

wiþ

preposition

(Dat, Acc, Gen) 1. 1) against, in the way of; 2) opposite to, over against; 2. near, by; beside; 3. towards, to; in the direction of; 4. for, in return for, in exchange for (also wið)

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ȝewinnan

ȝewinna

noun

enemy, foe; rival, adversary

, þe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

oft

adverb

often

ær

ǽr

adverb, conjunction, preposition

(Dat) 1. early; earlier; 2. formerly, previously; 3. beforehand; already; lately; 4. until, till; 5. before, before that

norðan

norþan

adverb

from the north (also norðan)

onherȝedon

onherȝian

verb

to waste, devastate; to ravage, pillage; make an incursion / a raid; to invade

; and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Seaxan

Seaxe

plural noun

þa

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

siȝe

noun

victory, triumph (also syȝe); siȝe ȝesléan, siȝe niman to gain / obtain the victory; to win, to triumph

ȝesloȝan

ȝesléan

verb

1. to strike; to beat; 2. to kill, slay; 3. to gain, obtain, win (by fighting, by contest, etc); siȝe ȝesléan to win victory

. Þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

sendan

verb

to send

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ham

hám

noun

1. home, dwelling, house; 2. homeland, native country; 3. village; settlement; town; 4. property, estate; farm; hám ȝán to go home

ærendracan

ǽrendwreca

noun

1. messenger, courier; 2. envoy, ambassador; 3. angel; 4. apostle (also ǽrendwraca, ǽrendraca, ǽrenddraca)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

heton

hátan

verb

(p héht, hét, p.p. háten) 1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to be called / named; 3. to order, command; 4. to promise

secȝan

verb

to say (also secȝean, sæcȝan, secȝȝan)

þysses

þes

demonstrative pronoun

(þéos fem; þis neut; þás pl of all three genders) this (also ðes, þés, ðés)

landes

land

noun

1. land (as opposed to sea, water or air); 2. a land, country; region, district, province (also lond)

wæstmbærnysse

wæstmbǽrness

noun

1. fruitfulness, fertility; 2. abundance, plenty; riches (also wæstmbǽrnyss)

, and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Brytta

Bryttas

plural noun

Britons (a Celtic tribe) (also Brittas, Brettas)

yrȝþo

ierȝþu

noun

1. cowardice, timorousness; pusillanimity; 2. inertness, laziness (also ierȝðu, irȝþo, irȝþu, irȝþ, yrȝþu, yrȝþo)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

sona

sóna

adverb

soon, in a short time; immediately, at once

hider

adverb

hither, to / towards this place

sendon

sendan

verb

to send

maran

mára

adjective

(compar of micel) more

sciphere

noun

1. fleet of war, naval force; a collection of ships of war; 2. ship-army, the men / crew of a ship of war

strenȝran

stranȝ

adjective

(compar strenȝra; superl strenȝest) strong; powerful, mighty (also stronȝ)

wiȝhena

wiȝa

noun

fighter, warrior

; and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

unoferswiðendlic

unoferswíþendlíc

adjective

invincible (also unoferswíðendlíc)

weorud

werod

noun

army, troop; band (of warriors) (also weorod, weorud, wered, wærod, wyred)

, þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

toȝædere

tóȝædere

adverb

together; simultaneously

ȝeþeodde

ȝeþéodan

verb

1. to join, associate, connect; to unite; 2. to translate (also ȝeþídan, ȝeþíedan, ȝeþýdan)

wæron

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

Bryttas

plural noun

Britons (a Celtic tribe) (also Brittas, Brettas)

sealdan

sellan

verb

1. to give; to grant; 2. to give up; to yield; 3. to sell (also seallan, sillan, siellan, syllan)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

ȝeafan

ȝiefan

verb

to give; grant (also ȝefan, ȝeafan, ȝeofan, ȝifan, ȝyfan)

eardunȝstowe

eardunȝstów

noun

1. dwelling place, lodging; 2. tent; tabernacle

betwih

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) between; among (also betwyh, betweoh, betwuh, bitwyh, bitwih, bitweoh, bitwuh)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

for

preposition, conjunction

(Dat, Acc) 1. before, in front of; in the presence of; 2. during; 3. for, because (of), on account of; for þon, forþon vid forþǽm

sibbe

sib

noun

1. peace; armistice; 2. concord, agreement; 3. relationship, kinship; propinquity; (also sibb, syb, sybb)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

hælo

hǽlu

noun

1. safety; 2. health; 3. salvation (also hǽlo)

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

eðles

éþel

noun

1. native land; 2. inherited household; landed property; 3. inheritance, inherited property; 4. chief poet dwelling, home (also éðel, ǽþel, ǽðel, óþel, óðel)

campodon

campian

verb

to fight; to wage war; to contend against (also compian)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

wunnon

winnan

verb

(p wann sing, wunnon pl; p.p. wunnen) 1. to fight, struggle; to strive, contest; 2. to toil, labour, work; 3. to win, triumph; to gain, obtain, achieve (also wynnan )

wið

wiþ

preposition

(Dat, Acc, Gen) 1. 1) against, in the way of; 2) opposite to, over against; 2. near, by; beside; 3. towards, to; in the direction of; 4. for, in return for, in exchange for (also wið)

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

feondum

féond

noun

1. enemy, foe; 2. devil, Satan; fiend (also fíend, fýnd, fíond)

, and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

andlyfne

andlifen

noun

1. food; sustenance; 2. wages, remuneration; money (also andlyfen, andliefen, andleofen)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

are

ár¹

noun

1. honour, dignity; 2. respect, reverence, appreciation; glory; 3. favour, mercy; goodness, kindness; 4. help, assistance; succour; 5. wealth, riches; income; 6. land(s); real estate

forȝeafen

forȝiefan

verb

1. to give, grant; 2. to forgive, pardon (also forȝyfan, forȝifan)

for

preposition, conjunction

(Dat, Acc) 1. before, in front of; in the presence of; 2. during; 3. for, because (of), on account of; for þon, forþon vid forþǽm

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ȝewinne

ȝewinn

noun

1. labour, work; toil; 2. battle, war; conflict; 3. gain, profit (also ȝewin)

. Comon

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

þrim

þrí

numeral

(þréo fem, neut) three (also þrý, þríe, ðrý etc)

folcum

folc

noun

1. folk, people; nation; 2. tribe, kin; 3. troop, army

, ðam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

stranȝestan

stranȝ

adjective

(compar strenȝra; superl strenȝest) strong; powerful, mighty (also stronȝ)

Ȝermanie

Ȝermania

toponym

Germany

, þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Seaxum

Seaxe

plural noun

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Anȝle

plural noun

Angles (a Germanic tribe, ancestors of the English) (also Ænȝle, Enȝle, Onȝle)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Ȝeatum

Ȝéatas

plural noun

1. Jutes (the ancient Teutonic tribe, who with the Angles and Saxons colonized Britain in the 5th c. AD) (also Íotas, Íutas, Éotenas); 2. Gauts (the ancient Scandinavian tribe inhabiting the south of Sweden; this is the tribe to which Beowulf, the main character of the eponymous Anglo-Saxon epic poem, belonged)

. Of

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Ȝeata

Ȝéatas

plural noun

fruman

fruma

noun

1. origin; beginning; 2. creator; author; 3. prince, ruler; king

syndon

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

Cantware

plural noun

Kentish men, inhabitants of the kingdom of Kent

, and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Wihtsætan

Wihtsǽtan

plural noun

the inhabitants of the Isle of Wight

; þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

seo

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ðeod

þéod

noun

1. people, nation; tribe; 2. country; province, region; 3. language (also ðéod)

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

Wiht

toponym

Wight (a large island in the English Channel)

þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

ealond

éaland

noun

island (also éalond)

oneardað

oneardian

verb

to inhabit; to dwell, live in

. Of

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Seaxum

Seaxe

plural noun

, þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

ðam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

lande

land

noun

1. land (as opposed to sea, water or air); 2. a land, country; region, district, province (also lond)

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

mon¹

man

indefinite pronoun

one, anyone, someone; they, people (also mon)

hateð

hátan

verb

(p héht, hét, p.p. háten) 1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to be called / named; 3. to order, command; 4. to promise

Ealdseaxan

Ealdseaxe

plural noun

1. Old-Saxons (continental Saxons); 2. Old Saxony (the territory inhabited by the Old-Saxons in the north-west corner of what is now Germany) (also Ealdseaxan)

, coman

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

Eastseaxan

Éastseaxe

plural noun

1. East Saxons (Saxons inhabiting the south-eastern part of Britain); 2. Essex (an Anglo-Saxon kingdom and a historic county in South East England) (also Éastseaxan)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Suðseaxan

Súþseaxe

plural noun

1. South Saxons (Saxons inhabiting the south-eastern part of Britain); 2. Sussex (an Anglo-Saxon kingdom and a historic county in South East England) (also Súþseaxan, Súð-)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Westseaxan

Westseaxe

plural noun

1. the West Saxons (the Saxons inhabiting the south-west of the island of Great Britain); 2. Wessex (an Anglo-Saxon kingdom and historic region in the south-west of the island of Great Britain) (also Westseaxan)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

Enȝle

Anȝle

plural noun

Angles (a Germanic tribe, ancestors of the English) (also Ænȝle, Enȝle, Onȝle)

coman

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

Eastenȝle

Éastenȝle

plural noun

East Angles, East-Anglians

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Middelenȝle

plural noun

Middle Angles (the Angles inhabiting Middle Anglia, a province of Anglo-Saxon England, lying between East Anglia and Mercia)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Myrce

Mirce

plural noun

1. the Mercians (the population of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia); 2. Mercia (a kingdom of the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy, lying in the central part of the island of Great Britain) (also Mierce, Merce, Myrce)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

eall

adjective, adverb

1. all, entire, whole; 2. everything; 3. entirely, wholly, fully (also eal, al, all)

Norðhembra

Norþhymbre

plural noun

1. the people of Northumbria, Northumbrians; 2. Northumbria (an Anglo-Saxon kingdom and historical region in the north of England) (also Norðhymbre, Norþanhymbre)

cynn

noun

1. kind, sort; category, class; 2. people, nation; 3. kin, kindred, tribe; 4. race; family; 5. generation; lineage; progeny (also cyn)

; is

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

land

noun

1. land (as opposed to sea, water or air); 2. a land, country; region, district, province (also lond)

ðe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

Anȝulus

toponym

Angeln (a historical district in Schleswig-Holstein, in the north of modern Federal Republic of Germany, where the Angles presumedly lived before migrating to Britain)

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

nemned

nemnan

verb

1. to name, give a name (to); 2. to call by name; to invoke; 3. to mention, refer to (also næmnan)

, betwyh

betwih

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) between; among (also betwyh, betweoh, betwuh, bitwyh, bitwih, bitweoh, bitwuh)

Ȝeatum

Ȝéatas

plural noun

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Seaxum

Seaxe

plural noun

; is

béon

verb

1. to be; to exist; 2. to become

sæd

secȝan

verb

to say (also secȝean, sæcȝan, secȝȝan)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

þære

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

tide

tíd

noun

1. time; 2. hour; 3. gramm tense (a category of verb)

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ðanon

þanon

adverb

1. thence, from there, from that place; 2. from that time, after that, henceforth; whence (also ðanon, þonan, þonon, ðonon, þanone, ðanone)

ȝewiton

ȝewítan

verb

1. to go, pass; to go away, depart; 2. to die; to depart from this world, pass away

oð

óð

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1. in a spatial sense: to, unto, as far as; 2. in a temporal sense: until (also óþ); fram eástdǽle óþ westdǽle from the eastern part of the country to the western one; óþ ðás daȝas until those days, till the time (when); óð þæt vid óþþæt

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

deȝe

dæȝ

noun

day

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hit

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

weste

wéste

adjective

1. uninhabited; waste, deserted; 2. untilled, uncultivated (also wóeste, wóste)

wuniȝe

wunian

verb

1. to live, dwell, reside; 2. to stay, remain; to be, exist, continue (in certain conditions or circumstances); 3. to be used to, be wont to; to be accustomed to

. Wæron

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

ða

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ærest

ǽrest

adverb

(superl) 1. first, at first; previously, earlier; 2. first of all; 3. gram mean of an a first

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

latteowas

ládþéow

noun

leader; chieftain, general (also ládðéow, látþéow, -ðéow, láððéow, láttéow, ládtéo)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

heretoȝan

heretoȝa

noun

1. commander, general; 2. leader, chieftain (also heretoha)

tweȝen

twéȝen

numeral

(twá fem; tú, twá neut) two, twain

ȝebroðra

ȝebróþor

plural noun

brothers, brethren (also ȝebróðor, ȝebróþru, ȝebróðru)

Henȝest

proper name

Hengist (a legendary leader of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes according to Bede's “Ecclesiastical History of the English People“; brother of Horsa/i})

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

Horsa

proper name

Horsa (a legendary leader of the Angles, Saxons and Jutes according to Bede's “Ecclesiastical History of the English People“; brother of Hengist)

. Hi

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

wæron

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

Wihtȝylses

Wihtȝyls

proper name

Wihtgils (the father of Hengist and Horsa according to to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Venerable Bede)

suna

sunu

noun

son

, þæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

fæder

noun

father (also feder)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

Witta

proper name

Witta (a semi-legendary ancestor of Hengist and Horsa according to to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Venerable Bede)

haten

hátan

verb

(p héht, hét, p.p. háten) 1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to be called / named; 3. to order, command; 4. to promise

, þæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

fæder

noun

father (also feder)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

Wihta

proper name

Wihta (a semi-legendary ancestor of Hengist and Horsa according to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Bede )

haten

hátan

verb

(p héht, hét, p.p. háten) 1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to be called / named; 3. to order, command; 4. to promise

, and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

þæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

Wihta

proper name

Wihta (a semi-legendary ancestor of Hengist and Horsa according to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Bede )

fæder

noun

father (also feder)

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

Woden

Wóden

proper name

Woden (a deity of Anglo-Saxon pagan pantheon; also a legendary ancestor of Hengist and Horsa according to the “Ecclesiastical History of the English People” by Venerable Bede)

nemned

nemnan

verb

1. to name, give a name (to); 2. to call by name; to invoke; 3. to mention, refer to (also næmnan)

; of

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

ðæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

strynde

stríend

noun

generation, descent, lineage; race, kin, stock (also strínd, strýnd)

moniȝra

maniȝ

adjective

many, numerous, multiple (also moniȝ, mæniȝ)

mæȝða

mǽȝþ

noun

1. tribe; 2. people, nation; 3. country; province (also mǽȝeð, mýȝð, mýȝþ)

cyninȝcynn

cyninȝcinn

noun

royal race, royal family; royal dynasty (also cyninȝcynn); Penda wæs se fromesta esne of Mercna cyninȝcynne Penda was the most valiant man from the representatives of the Mercian royal dynasty

fruman

fruma

noun

1. origin; beginning; 2. creator; author; 3. prince, ruler; king

ledde

lǽdan

verb

1. to take, carry (away); 2. to lead, guide, conduct; 3. to produce, make; 4. to take, lift; to acquire; wíf lǽdan to take a wife, marry; fruman lǽdan to take (its) origin

. Ne

adverb, conjunction

not, no; nor, neither; (also ni); ic ne dyde I did not do (that); ne secȝe ic éow I tell you, no

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

ða¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

yldinȝ

ieldinȝ

noun

delay; postponement, deferral (also yldinȝ, ildinȝ)

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

þon

demonstrative pronoun

Instr sing of masc and neut forms of demonstr pron se (also ðon); to þon þæt until; as long as

þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

heapmælum

héapmǽlum

adverb

in groups, in flocks, in crowds; in troops; in (large) numbers

coman

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

maran

mára

adjective

(compar of micel) more

weorod

werod

noun

army, troop; band (of warriors) (also weorod, weorud, wered, wærod, wyred)

adverb, preposition

of, from, out of, off

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ðeodum

þéod

noun

1. people, nation; tribe; 2. country; province, region; 3. language (also ðéod)

, þe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

wé

personal pronoun

ær

ǽr

adverb, conjunction, preposition

(Dat) 1. early; earlier; 2. formerly, previously; 3. beforehand; already; lately; 4. until, till; 5. before, before that

ȝemyneȝodon

ȝemyneȝian

verb

1. to mention; 2. to remember, recall; 3. to remind; to admonish (also ȝemynȝian, ȝemineȝian)

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

þæt

þæt¹

demonstrative pronoun

that (also ðæt) [vid se]

folc

noun

1. folk, people; nation; 2. tribe, kin; 3. troop, army

, ðe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

hider

adverb

hither, to / towards this place

com

cuman

verb

1. to come; 2. to happen

, onȝan

onȝinnan

verb

1. to begin, to set about; 2. to try / attempt, dare (to do something) (also onȝynnan, anȝinnan, -ȝynnan)

weaxan

verb

(p wéox sing, wéoxon pl; p.p. weaxen) 1. to grow, wax; 2. to grow, be produced (of plants or animals); 3. to multiply, increase in number or quantity (also wexan, weahsan, wehsan)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

myclian

miclian

verb

1. to grow, increase; to enlarge; 2. to multiply, to increase quantitatively; 3. transf to extol, praise, glorify (also myclian, micelian, micclian)

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

þan

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

swiðe

swíþe

adverb

(compar swíþor; superl swíþost) 1. very much, greatly; exceedingly; 2. superl (swíþost) mostly, chiefly; especially (also swíðe, swýþe, swýðe)

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

wæron

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

adverb, preposition

(Dat, Instr, Acc) 1. on, with, in; 2. in a temporal sense: on, at, in; within, during; on morȝenne in the morning; 3. by, with; with regard / respect to, in relation to

myclum

micel

adjective

(compar mára; superl mǽst, mást) 1. great, big; 2. much, many (also mycel)

eȝe

noun

fear, dread, terror (also æȝe)

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

sylfan

self

adjective, pronoun

self (also sylf, seolf, silf)

landbiȝenȝan

landbeȝenȝa

noun

1. a cultivator of land, farmer, peasant; 2. an inhabitant, a native (of a country, region, etc) (also landbiȝenȝa)

ðe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ær

ǽr

adverb, conjunction, preposition

(Dat) 1. early; earlier; 2. formerly, previously; 3. beforehand; already; lately; 4. until, till; 5. before, before that

hider

adverb

hither, to / towards this place

laðedon

laþian

verb

1. to invite; 2. to call (upon), summon (also laðian)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

cyȝdon

cíeȝan

verb

1. to call, name; to give a name to; 2. to call by name, address; 3. to invite, call upon (also cýȝan, cíȝan, céȝan)

.
Æfter

æfter

preposition

(Dat, Acc) after, afterwards; then

þissum

þes

demonstrative pronoun

(þéos fem; þis neut; þás pl of all three genders) this (also ðes, þés, ðés)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

ȝeweredon

ȝewerian

verb

1. to ally, associate with; to come to an agreement, make a treaty with (for the cause of defence); 2. to defend, protect; to take care of

tó

preposition

(Dat) to, at

sumre

sum

indefinite pronoun, adjective

1. some; 2. with cardinal numer.-s: one (of a company containing the specified number); syxa [seofona] sum he and six [seven] other men / persons

tide

tíd

noun

1. time; 2. hour; 3. gramm tense (a category of verb)

wið

wiþ

preposition

(Dat, Acc, Gen) 1. 1) against, in the way of; 2) opposite to, over against; 2. near, by; beside; 3. towards, to; in the direction of; 4. for, in return for, in exchange for (also wið)

Pehtum

Pehtas

plural noun

Picts (presumably non-Indo-Europ people of uncertain origin, inhabiting Northern and Eastern Scotland in ancient times) (also Peohtas, Pihtas, Pyhtas)

, þa

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ær

ǽr

adverb, conjunction, preposition

(Dat) 1. early; earlier; 2. formerly, previously; 3. beforehand; already; lately; 4. until, till; 5. before, before that

þurh

preposition

(Acc) 1. in a spatial sense: through; 2. in a temporal sense: through, during, for; 3. through, by; by means of (also ðurh, þuruh, þorh, þerh, þærh)

ȝefeoht

noun

1. fight, battle; hostilities; 2. war; 3. dispute; contest; competition (also ȝefiht, -fyht, -feht)

feor

adjective, adverb

(compar fier, fierr, fyr, fyrr; superl fierrest, fyrrest, firrest) 1. far, at a distance; 2. long ago, far back; 3. moreover, besides; further; 4. far remote, distant (also feorr)

adrifan

ádrífan

verb

1. to drive away, expel; pursue, follow up; 2. to drive, cause to move

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

þa¹

þá²

adverb, conjunction

wæron

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

Seaxan

Seaxe

plural noun

secende

sécende

pres.p. of sécan

intinȝan

intinȝa

noun

1. cause, reason; pretext; 2. case; occasion

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

towyrde

tówyrd

noun

occasion, opportunity

heora

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

ȝedales

ȝedál

noun

1. parting; 2. division, separation; 3. distribution, dispensation

wið

wiþ

preposition

(Dat, Acc, Gen) 1. 1) against, in the way of; 2) opposite to, over against; 2. near, by; beside; 3. towards, to; in the direction of; 4. for, in return for, in exchange for (also wið)

Bryttas

plural noun

Britons (a Celtic tribe) (also Brittas, Brettas)

. Cyðdon

cýþan

verb

1. to announce, declare, proclaim; 2. to notify; to tell, relate; 3. to prove, confirm (also cýðan) /cf. ȝecýþan /

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

openlice

openlíce

adverb

openly, clearly; publicly

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

sædon

secȝan

verb

to say (also secȝean, sæcȝan, secȝȝan)

, butan

bútan

conjunction, adverb, preposition

(Dat) 1. but; if not; 2. without, except for; 3. outside, out; out of (also búton, bútun)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

maran

mára

adjective

(compar of micel) more

andlyfne

andlifen

noun

1. food; sustenance; 2. wages, remuneration; money (also andlyfen, andliefen, andleofen)

sealdon

sellan

verb

1. to give; to grant; 2. to give up; to yield; 3. to sell (also seallan, sillan, siellan, syllan)

, þæt¹

þæt²

conjunction, relative pronoun

1. that; 2. so that, in order that; 3. that, which (also ðæt)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

woldan

willan

verb

(p wolde) to will, be willing; to wish, desire (also wyllan)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

sylfe

self

adjective, pronoun

self (also sylf, seolf, silf)

niman

verb

1. to take, to take hold of; 2. to receive, get; to seize; 3. to take away, carry off (also neoman, nioman, nyman); friþ niman to make peace, to conclude truce; siȝe niman to win / obtain victory

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

herȝian

verb

1. to plunder, loot; 2. to devastate, ravage

,
þær

þǽr

adverb, conjunction

there; where, whither (also ðǽr, þár, ðár, þára, þér)

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

hit

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

findan

verb

1. to find, discover; 2. to obtain, acquire; 3. to experience, endure; 4. to invent, devise; 5. to determine (also fyndan)

mihton

maȝan

verb

(p meahte, mæhte, mihte, mehte) 1. to be able; 2. to be strong; to avail, to be efficacious or sufficient

. And

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

sona

sóna

adverb

soon, in a short time; immediately, at once

ða

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

beotunȝe

béotunȝ

noun

1. threat; promise; 2. rage, raging, wrath

dædum

dǽd

noun

1. deed, action; 2. feat, exploit; heroic act

ȝefyldon

ȝefyllan

verb

1. to fill; 2. to finish, complete; to fulfil; 3. to satisfy

: bærndon

bærnan

verb

1. to cause to burn; to kindle, light, set on fire; 2. to burn, burn down; to destroy by fire (also bernan)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

herȝedon

herȝian

verb

1. to plunder, loot; 2. to devastate, ravage

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

sloȝan

sléan

verb

1. to strike; to beat; 2. to kill, slay; to slaughter; 3. to forge, malleate, hammer out; 4. to sting, bite

fram

preposition, adverb

(Dat) from; forth; out (also from)

eastsæ

éastsǽ

noun

east sea; sea on the east side of a country

oð

óð

adverb, preposition

westsæ

westsǽ

noun

western sea; Atlantic Ocean

; and

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

him

hé

personal pronoun

he (héo, hío fem she; hit, hyt neut it; hý, hí, híe, héo pl they)

næniȝ

nǽniȝ

adjective, pronoun

no-one, nobody; not any, none, no (also néniȝ)

wiðstod

wiþstandan

verb

(p wiþstód; p.p. wiþstanden) to withstand, resist; to oppose (also wiðstandan, -stondan)

. Ne

adverb, conjunction

not, no; nor, neither; (also ni); ic ne dyde I did not do (that); ne secȝe ic éow I tell you, no

wæs

wesan

verb

to be, exist (also weosan)

unȝelic

unȝelíc

adjective

unlike, different, dissimilar

wræcc

wræc

noun

1. vengeance, revenge; retribution; 2. punishment; 3. exile, banishment; 4. misery, suffering; sorrow (also wræcc, wrec)

þam

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

ðe

þe

particle, relative pronoun, conjunction

ȝéo

adverb

formerly, earlier, before; of old (also ȝío, íu)

Chaldeas

plural noun

Chaldeans (an ancient Semite tribe)

bærndon

bærnan

verb

1. to cause to burn; to kindle, light, set on fire; 2. to burn, burn down; to destroy by fire (also bernan)

Hierusaleme

Hierusalem

toponym

Jerusalem

weallas

weall

noun

wall (also weal, wall)

and

conjunction

and (also ond)

ða

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

cynelican

cynelíc

adjective

kingly, royal

ȝetimbro

ȝetimbru

noun

building, structure (also ȝetimbro)

mid

preposition

(Dat, Acc) 1) with; 2) by, with, by means of

fyre

fýr

noun

1. fire; 2. fireplace; hearth (also fír)

fornaman

forniman

verb

1. to take away, deprive of; to plunder; 2. to destroy, devastate (also fornyman)

for

preposition, conjunction

(Dat, Acc) 1. before, in front of; in the presence of; 2. during; 3. for, because (of), on account of; for þon, forþon vid forþǽm

ðæs

demonstrative pronoun

(séo fem; þæt neut; þá pl of all three genders) the, that (also sé)

Ȝodes

ȝod

noun

god; deity

folces

folc

noun

1. folk, people; nation; 2. tribe, kin; 3. troop, army

synnum

synn

noun

1. sin; 2. crime, wrong, misdeed (also syn)