frawaúrkjan

Part of speech: verb

Verb type: irregular weak verb (1)

Present participle: frawaúrkjands

(p frawaúrhta) to sin, transgress; to do wrong, work evil

Etymology

[← fra- pref + waúrkjan v; OE forwyrcan “to sin; to do wrong”; O Fris forwirza “to lose, be deprived of”; O Sax farwirkian “to commit crime; to sin”; OHG firwirken “to lose, forfeit” (Mod G verwirken)]

Concordance

frawaurkeiþ - 2 pers, pl, pres, indicat - Cor. I, VIII, 12
frawaurkjai - 3 pers, sing, pres, optat - Luk. XVII, 3; XVII, 4
frawaurkjaid, frawaurkjaiþ - 2 pers, pl, pres, optat - Cor. I, XV, 34; Ephes. IV, 26
frawaurhta - 1, 3 pers, sing, p, indicat - Matth. XXVII, 4; Luk. XV, 18; XV, 21; Jhn. IX, 2; IX, 3; Cor. I, VII, 28
frawaurhtes - 2 pers, sing, p, indicat - Cor. I, VII, 28
frawaurkjands - pres.p.- Cor. I, VIII, 12; Cor. II, XII, 21; XIII, 2

Paradigm

4.2.1. (b) I class weak irregular verbs

Some weak verbs of this class (e.g. brukjan (to use, employ), bugjan (to buy), þagkjan (to think), þugkjan (to think, consider; to seem); waúrkjan (to make, do; to work) and oth), whose stems ended in velar consonants k, ŋ, g, formed their past tense by means of the suffix -ta (while the verbal stem lost the marker of this class -j-); the combination of this velar consonat and the consonant -t of the suffix resulted in -ht-: bugjan → bauhta, brūkjan → brūhta, waúrkjan → waúrhta. In addition, in verbs þagkjan, þugkjan [-ŋkjan], the nasal consonant -ŋ- was dropped and the stem vowel became lengthened, which resulted in the following past tense forms of these two verbs: þāhta and þūhta. The past tense of the verb borrowed from Greek kaupatjan (to buffet, slap) is kaupasta [<*kaupat + -ta].

Past tense/preterite forms of the preterite-present verbs have the same structure.

I class irregular	infinitive	preterite singular	preterite plural	past participle
to think	þagkjan	þāhta	þāhtēdum	þāhts
to make, do; to work	waurkjan	waurhta	waurhtēdum	waurhts

See the complete paradigm of the conjugation of weak verbs

Go to Verb paradigms