waúrkjan

Part of speech: verb

Verb type: irregular weak verb (1)

Present participle: waurkjands

(p waúrhta) 1. to make, do; 2. to work, labour; haúrja waúrkjan to make a fire

Etymology

[← Prot-Germ *wurkjan; OE wyrcan, wyrcean (Mod E work); O Sax wurkian; OHG wurken; Icel yrkja ← Indo-Europ *uerġ-; cf Avest varəz- “work, labour”; Anc Gr ἔργον “work, labour; task”]

Concordance

waurkja - 1 pers, sing, pres, indicat - Rom. VII, 15; VII, 17; VII, 19; VII, 20
waurkeis - 2 pers, sing, pres, indicat - Jhn. VI, 30
waurkeiþ - 3 pers, sing, pres, indicat; 2 pers, pl, imper - Mrk. I, 3; III, 35; Luk. III, 4; Jhn. VI, 10; Rom. XIII, 10; Cor. I, XII, 11; XVI, 10; Cor. II, IV, 12; IX, 11; Galat. III, 5; Thessal. I, II, 13; Skeirns. VII, 7
waurkjam - 1 pers, pl, pres, indicat - Galat. VI, 10
waurkjand - 3 pers, pl, pres, indicat - Mrk. VI, 14; Cor. I, XV, 29
waurkjais - 2 pers, sing, pres, indicat - Luk. XIV, 12; XIV, 13
waurkjaiþ - 2 pers, pl, pres, optat - Luk. III, 8; Jhn. VI, 27; Cor. I, XI, 24; XI, 25; Coloss. III, 23
waurkjaima - 1 pers, pl, pres, optat - Jhn. VI, 28
waurkjada - 3 pers, sing, mediopass, indicat - Cor. II, IV, 17
waurhta - 3 pers, sing, p., indicat - Mrk. VI, 21; XIV, 6; Galat. II, 8
waurhtedun - 3 pers, pl, p, indicat - Rom. VII, 5
waurkjan - inf- Jhn. IX, 4; XVII, 4; Cor. I, IX, 6; Thessal. I, IV, 11; Thessall. II, III, 10
waurkei - 2 pers, sing, imper - Tim. II, IV, 5
waurkjands - pres.p.- Matth. VII, 23; Jhn. XVIII, 18; Ephes. I, 11; I, 16; II, 2; II, 15; III, 20; IV, 28; Thessall. II, III, 8; III, 11; III, 12; Skeirns. VI, 4

Paradigm

4.2.1. (b) I class weak irregular verbs

Some weak verbs of this class (e.g. brukjan (to use, employ), bugjan (to buy), þagkjan (to think), þugkjan (to think, consider; to seem); waúrkjan (to make, do; to work) and oth), whose stems ended in velar consonants k, ŋ, g, formed their past tense by means of the suffix -ta (while the verbal stem lost the marker of this class -j-); the combination of this velar consonat and the consonant -t of the suffix resulted in -ht-: bugjan → bauhta, brūkjan → brūhta, waúrkjan → waúrhta. In addition, in verbs þagkjan, þugkjan [-ŋkjan], the nasal consonant -ŋ- was dropped and the stem vowel became lengthened, which resulted in the following past tense forms of these two verbs: þāhta and þūhta. The past tense of the verb borrowed from Greek kaupatjan (to buffet, slap) is kaupasta [<*kaupat + -ta].

Past tense/preterite forms of the preterite-present verbs have the same structure.

I class irregular	infinitive	preterite singular	preterite plural	past participle
to think	þagkjan	þāhta	þāhtēdum	þāhts
to make, do; to work	waurkjan	waurhta	waurhtēdum	waurhts

See the complete paradigm of the conjugation of weak verbs

Go to Verb paradigms