Part of speech: interrogative pronoun
(fem ƕō; neut ƕa) 1. who; what; which; 2. gram mean of an indef pron somebody; some; something; 3. (ƕa, ƕis) why, what for; und ƕa till when, how long
Etymology
[← Prot-Germ *hwaz, *hwō (masc, fem), *hwat (neut); OE hwá, hwæt (Mod E who, what); O Fris hwā, hwet; O Sax hwē, hwat; Dt wie, wat; OHG hwer, wer, hwaz, waz (Mod G wer, was); O Icel hverr, hvat (Mod Icel hver, hvað) ← Indo-Europ *kwo-, *kwe-; Sanskr kás, ká “who”; Avest kō, kā “who”; Anc Gr τίς “who”; Lat quis “who”; quid “what”; Lith kàs “who”; O Slav къто “who” (Russ кто)]
Concordance
ƕas - Nom, masc - Matth. V, 39; V, 41; VI, 27; XXVI, 68; Mrk. I, 24; II, 7; IV, 23; IV, 41; V, 30; V, 31 etc
ƕa - Nom, Acc, neut - Matth. V, 23; VI, 3; VI, 25; VI, 28; VI, 31; VIII, 26; VIII, 29; IX, 13, XI, 7; XI, 8; XI, 9 etc
ƕis - Gen, masc, neut - Mrk. VI, 24; X, 38; XII, 16; XII, 19; Luk. IX, 55; XIX, 8; XX, 24; XX, 28; Jhn. XIV, 14; XVIII, 21 etc
ƕamma - Dat, masc, neut - Mrk. XI, 28; XI, 29; XI, 33; Luk. VI, 47; XX, 2; XX, 8; Jhn. VI, 68; XII, 38 etc
ƕana - Acc, masc - Mrk. VIII, 27; VIII, 29; XI, 25; Luk. IX, 18; IX, 20; Jhn. VII, 37; VIII, 53; XVIII, 4; XVIII, 7 etc
ƕo - Nom, Acc, fem - Matth. V, 46; Mrk. I, 27; III, 33; VI, 2; Luk. VII, 39; IX, 25; Jhn. XVIII, 29 etc
ƕouh = ƕo + -uh (vid-uh) - Cor. II, VI, 15; VI, 16
ƕouþ-þan = ƕo + -uh (vid-uh) + þan (vid þan adv) - Cor. II, VI, 15; VI, 16
ƕizai - Dat, fem - Galat. VI, 1; Coloss. II, 23
ga-u-ƕa-seƕi (vid gasaíƕan v “to see”) - Mrk. VIII, 23
ƕauþ-þan = ƕa + -uh (vid-uh) + þan (vid þan adv) - Cor. I, IV, 7
ƕa - Nom, Acc, neut - Matth. V, 23; VI, 3; VI, 25; VI, 28; VI, 31; VIII, 26; VIII, 29; IX, 13, XI, 7; XI, 8; XI, 9 etc
ƕis - Gen, masc, neut - Mrk. VI, 24; X, 38; XII, 16; XII, 19; Luk. IX, 55; XIX, 8; XX, 24; XX, 28; Jhn. XIV, 14; XVIII, 21 etc
ƕamma - Dat, masc, neut - Mrk. XI, 28; XI, 29; XI, 33; Luk. VI, 47; XX, 2; XX, 8; Jhn. VI, 68; XII, 38 etc
ƕana - Acc, masc - Mrk. VIII, 27; VIII, 29; XI, 25; Luk. IX, 18; IX, 20; Jhn. VII, 37; VIII, 53; XVIII, 4; XVIII, 7 etc
ƕo - Nom, Acc, fem - Matth. V, 46; Mrk. I, 27; III, 33; VI, 2; Luk. VII, 39; IX, 25; Jhn. XVIII, 29 etc
ƕouh = ƕo + -uh (vid-uh) - Cor. II, VI, 15; VI, 16
ƕouþ-þan = ƕo + -uh (vid-uh) + þan (vid þan adv) - Cor. II, VI, 15; VI, 16
ƕizai - Dat, fem - Galat. VI, 1; Coloss. II, 23
ga-u-ƕa-seƕi (vid gasaíƕan v “to see”) - Mrk. VIII, 23
ƕauþ-þan = ƕa + -uh (vid-uh) + þan (vid þan adv) - Cor. I, IV, 7
Paradigm
3.3. Interrogative pronouns
In Gothic, like in other German languages, inter pron-s are derived from the stem *xwa-, *xwō-, have masc (ƕas (who)), neut (ƕa (what)) and fem (ƕo (who)) gender and are used only in sing:
| singular number | |||
| masculine | neuter | feminine | |
| nominative | ƕas | ƕa | ƕo |
| genitive | ƕis | ƕis | ƕizos |
| dative | ƕamma | ƕamma | ƕizai |
| accusative | ƕana | ƕa | ƕo |
| instrumental | - | ƕe | - |
The form *ƕizos (fem, Gen) is not attested in the surviving Goth sources.
The inter pron ƕarjis (who; which) is also declined like strong adjectives.
Go to Pronoun paradigms
